GBM
Abbreviation with 2 meanings
| Stands for | Glioblastoma multiforme |
|---|---|
| Meanings | 2 |
| Categories | Medical, Technology & Computing |
GBM has two meanings. It stands for Glioblastoma multiforme (hematology and oncology) or Gradient boosting machine (artificial intelligence).
Meanings of GBM at a glance
| # | GBM stands for | Context |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Glioblastoma multiforme | Medical › Hematology and Oncology |
| 2 | Gradient boosting machine | Technology & Computing › Artificial Intelligence |
1. Glioblastoma multiforme
Medical · Hematology and Oncology Abbreviations
Most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumor in adults, growing rapidly and infiltrating surrounding brain so that complete removal is impossible. Symptoms include headaches, seizures, personality change and progressive weakness or speech problems.
Example: Ring-enhancing right temporal mass; resection pathology: GBM, IDH-wildtype, MGMT methylated.
Standard treatment since 2005 is the Stupp protocol: maximal safe surgery followed by radiation with daily temozolomide, then further temozolomide, with median survival of roughly 15 months. MGMT promoter methylation predicts better response to temozolomide. The 2021 WHO classification reserves the name glioblastoma for IDH-wildtype tumors and dropped "multiforme." Senators Ted Kennedy and John McCain both died of glioblastoma.
2. Gradient boosting machine
Technology & Computing · Artificial Intelligence Abbreviations
An ensemble method that builds decision trees one after another, each correcting the errors of the previous ones, producing highly accurate models for tabular data. XGBoost, LightGBM and CatBoost are popular implementations.
Example: The GBM beat the neural network on our credit-risk data, as tree models often do on tables.
Formalized by Jerome Friedman around 1999 to 2001. XGBoost (2014) dominated Kaggle competitions on structured data for years, followed by Microsoft's LightGBM and Yandex's CatBoost in 2017. Tuning the learning rate and tree depth prevents overfitting. In medicine GBM means glioblastoma multiforme, an aggressive brain cancer.
Related abbreviations
More hematology and oncology abbreviations
- FOLFIRINOX – Folinic acid, fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin
- FOLFOX – Folinic acid (leucovorin), fluorouracil, oxaliplatin
- FVL – Factor V Leiden
- G6PD – Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GVHD – Graft-versus-host disease
- HbS – Hemoglobin S
- HCT – Hematopoietic cell transplantation
- HD – Hodgkin disease
See all 144 hematology and oncology abbreviations →
More artificial intelligence abbreviations
- F1 – F1 score
- FM – Foundation model
- GA – Genetic algorithm
- GAN – Generative adversarial network
- GenAI – Generative artificial intelligence
- GNN – Graph neural network
- GPT – Generative pre-trained transformer
- GRU – Gated recurrent unit
See all 103 artificial intelligence abbreviations →
This entry is for general education and is not medical advice. Abbreviation use varies between institutions; always confirm in context.