ESBL

Medical abbreviation · Infectious Disease

ESBL
Stands forExtended-spectrum beta-lactamase
CategoriesMedical

ESBL stands for Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, an infectious disease abbreviation.

Bacterial enzymes, most often produced by E. coli and Klebsiella, that break down penicillins and most cephalosporins, including ceftriaxone. Serious ESBL infections are usually treated with a carbapenem, while some urinary infections can be treated orally.

Example: Urine culture: ESBL E. coli, nitrofurantoin susceptible; switch to nitrofurantoin for cystitis.

Usage notes

The CTX-M enzyme family drives most ESBL infections worldwide, including in the community. The MERINO trial (2018) found meropenem superior to piperacillin-tazobactam for ESBL bloodstream infections. Pronounced as letters. ESBL producers are not carbapenem-resistant, unlike CRE.

More infectious disease abbreviations

  • CT – Chlamydia trachomatis
  • DAA – Direct-acting antiviral
  • DOT – Directly observed therapy
  • E. coli – Escherichia coli
  • EBV – Epstein-Barr virus
  • EPT – Expedited partner therapy
  • FUO – Fever of unknown origin
  • GAS – Group A Streptococcus
  • GC – Gonococcus (gonorrhea)
  • GNR – Gram-negative rods
  • GPC – Gram-positive cocci
  • H1N1 – Influenza A virus subtype H1N1

See all 92 infectious disease abbreviations →

This entry is for general education and is not medical advice. Abbreviation use varies between institutions; always confirm in context.